Peterson C, Miller GF, Barnett SB, Florence C.(2002) Fatal and non-fatal repetition of self-harm. Suicide & Life Threatening Behavior 37(5): 543-552. (2007) Emotional antecedents and consequences of deliberate self-harm and suicide attempts. (2020) Suicidal Ideation and Behaviors Among High School Students - Youth Risk Behavior Survey, United States, 2019. Ivey-Stephenson A, Demissie Z, Crosby A, et al.(2020) Suicide Rates by Industry and Occupation - National Violent Death Reporting System, 32 States, 2016. Peterson C, Sussell A, Li J, Schumacher P, Yeoman K, Stone D.Atlanta, GA: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Injury Prevention and Control. (2017) Preventing suicide: A technical package of policies, programs, and practices. Stone D, Holland K, Bartholow B, Crosby A, Davis S, Wilkins N.Rockville, MD: Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. Key substance use and mental health indicators in the United States: Results from the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (HHS Publication No. Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration.Atlanta, GA: US Department of Health and Human Services, CDC 2020. CDC WONDER: Underlying cause of death, 1999–2019. (2016) Atlanta, GA: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Injury Prevention and Control. Preventing multiple forms of violence: A strategic vision for connecting the dots. (2011) Atlanta, GA: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Injury Prevention and Control. Self-directed violence surveillance: Uniform definitions and recommended data elements, version 1.0. 5,6 Young people who identify as lesbian, gay, or bisexual have higher rates of suicidal thoughts and behavior compared to their peers who identify as heterosexual. 3 Other Americans with higher than average rates of suicide are veterans, people who live in rural areas, and workers in certain industries and occupations like mining and construction. By race/ethnicity, the groups with the highest rates were non-Hispanic American Indian/Alaska Native and non-Hispanic White populations. Suicide rates vary by race/ethnicity, age, and other factors, such as where someone lives. Some groups have higher suicide rates than others. Suicide was the second leading cause of death for people ages 10-14 and 25-34.

In 2020, suicide was among the top 9 leading causes of death for people ages 10-64. In 2020, an estimated 12.2 million American adults seriously thought about suicide, 3.2 million planned a suicide attempt, and 1.2 million attempted suicide. 3 The number of people who think about or attempt suicide is even higher. This is about one death every 11 minutes. Suicide is a leading cause of death in the United States, 3 with 45,979 deaths in 2020. Suicide rates increased 30% between 2000–2018, and declined in 20.